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Aquaponics
Library
Feed
Mixtures
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16. Question = Subject: Feed Mixtures
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Subject: Feed Mixtures
Date: Sat, 09 Jan 1999 11:09:21 -0600
"Tilapia Aquaculture in the Americas", edited by
Costa-Pierce and our friend Jim Rakocy, has a chapter on
"Tilapia Nutrition, Feeds and Feeding" which provides a
good overview of protein, amino acid, vitamin and mineral
requirements of tilapia
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/aquanic/was/books/tilapia.htm
Another good source of information is "Nutrition and Feeding
of Fish" (1989) by Tom Lovell which has a chapter on
"Practical Feeding - Tilapias".
On a related note, what kinds of prepared, commercial feeds are
others using? I have difficulty finding anything other than
catfish pellets locally and I'm looking for sources for better
quality feed. I'm interested to know what others use,
particularly brands, protein levels and pellet size. I've seen
some information which rates Silver Cup and Purina as top brands.
Anyone using Silver Cup or know where it can be ordered?
I just ordered some Canola (rape) seed which I'll be sprouting
for tilapia feed. I'll let everyone know the results. I've also
been feeding earthworms from my vermicomposter to my tilapia
broodstock and breeding activity seems to have picked up.
Gordon
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Subject: Re: Feed Mixtures (was Re: Cloning!!!)
From: Gordon Watkins <gwatkins@yournet.com>
Date: Sun, 10 Jan 1999
Maybe you can help deter thievery by adding a few Pacu (Colossoma
sp.) to your ponds and then spreading the word that they're
actually pirahna, which they closely resemble and are in fact
related to. They grow fast (much faster than tilapia) and are
really tasty. Sort of like putting those "theft deterrant
activated" stickers on your car whether you really have one
or not.
I've not tried soy beans although they certainly have good
potential as a fish meal substitute. Studies indicate that
supplementation of soy-based diets with calcium phosphate and/or
methionine significantly improves tilapia growth. . Also, raw
soybeans contain a trypsin inhibitor which , "...can cause a
problem when soybean meal is used at high levels in fish
feed." Boiling or otherwise heating the meal will eliminate
the problem.
Gordon
Susanne Machler wrote:
> 2)Does anyone out there have any interesting and
environmentally friendly solutions to the problems of larceny of
fish? (Apart from pitbulls..)
> . We have some very prolific bean types here, high in
protein, and carbohydrates.Gordon can I read out of your reply
that you havent already tried soya? Doesnt that do well in your
part of the world??
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Subject: Feed for Fish
From: ClemWehner <cww@pacificcoast.net>
Date: Sun, 10 Jan 1999
Possible basic ingredients for fish rations are flax, hemp and
sunflower seeds. These are principal components of a product we
make for humans that aims to deliver a recommended daily intake
of essential fatty acids, primarily Omega 3 (alpha linolenic
acid, ALA) and secondarily Omega 6 (linolenic acid, LA).
Requirements of these EFA's are known for commercial freshwater
and marine fish species. Of interest to aquaponics are freshwater
species such as:
Trout-type: Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that require 1.0%
dry diet ALA and
Tilapia-type: (Tilapia zilli and T. nilotica) that require 1.0%
dry diet LA.
Flax seed would probably be the best choice because:
1) it's cheap and readily avalable,
2) stores well,
3) has the highest Omega 3 content,
4) easily ground (in a coffee mill) and
5) when ground to nibbling size for fish, it floats first then
sinks slowly and does not leave any oily slick on water surface.
(Flax seed has a mucilage coating; if the coating is not removed
or the seed ground it goes straight through fish or human
gastrointestinal tracts. Yet when ground provides good fiber
which fish usually don't get in their diet).
Hemp seed is not readily available in the U.S.; sunflower seed
has no Omega 3 but good amounts of Omega 6 and Vitamin E.
Studies have been done and reported in "Flaxseed in Arctic
Char and Rainbow Trout Nutrition", Flaxseed in Human
Nutrition, Cunnane S. Thompson I. ed, AOCS Press, Champaign, IL,
1997. It should be noted that those studies sought to determine
if flax seed would influence fish rate of growth. Sometimes it
did. More important to aquaculture, though, would be to determine
if flax seed could increase the amount of Omega 3 gleaned from
this feed ingredient, then stored in fish muscle to be passed
along to humans. In the wild, cold water fish species get their
Omega 3 from phytoplankton. Warm water species, like Tilapia, get
Omega 6. In other words, the EFA's are gathred from plant
sources, not manufactured by fish.
Theory is that if both Trout and Tilapia raised in aquaculture
had a good source (more concentrated than in what's in
phytoplankton) of Omega 3 and Omega 6 in their feed, say from
flax seed, they would store much more of these EFA's in their
flesh to pass along to consumers. (Maybe Tilapia, as do Trout,
might store the prized Omega 3 as well as Omega 6).
Wouldn't that be something!
For more information visit:
http://www.farmersmarketonline.com/health.htm
Yours truly,
Clem Wehner
Nutrition Manager Don Nacho's Foods International
Victoria, BC, Canada V9A 3K2
Ph/Fx: 250-383-1959
cww@pacificcoast.net
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Date: Sat, 09 Jan 1999
From: Gordon Watkins <gwatkins@yournet.com>
To: aquaponics@townsqr.com
Subject: Feed Mixtures (was Re: Cloning!!!)
"Tilapia Aquaculture in the Americas", edited by
Costa-Pierce and our friend Jim Rakocy, has a chapter on
"Tilapia Nutrition, Feeds and Feeding" which provides a
good overview of protein, amino acid, vitamin and mineral
requirements of tilapia:
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/aquanic/was/books/tilapia.htm
Another good source of information is "Nutrition and Feeding
of Fish" (1989) by Tom Lovell which has a chapter on
"Practical Feeding - Tilapias".
On a related note, what kinds of prepared, commercial feeds are
others using? I have difficulty finding anything other than
catfish pellets locally and I'm looking for sources for better
quality feed. I'm interested to know what others use,
particularly brands, protein levels and pellet size.
I've seen some information which rates Silver Cup and Purina as
top brands.
Anyone using Silver Cup or know where it can be ordered?
I just ordered some Canola (rape) seed which I'll be sprouting
for tilapia feed. I'll let everyone know the results. I've also
been feeding earthworms from my vermicomposter to my tilapia
broodstock and breeding activity seems to have picked up.
Gordon
--------------------------------------------------
Subject: Fwd: Re: Feed Mixtures (was Re: Cloning!!!)
From: "Susanne Machler" <greensue@hotmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999
Trying again,
I had sent a file to this list but cannot seem to find it again
in my bookmarks. It was the file showing the breakdown of various
nutritional ingredients of various feedstock, grains etc. anyone
got a hotlink/bookmark/archive to post it back to me? It had some
revolutionary things there such as beans, and pease etc.
Is there anyone as well who has got some practical designs and
drawings of gasifiers, biogas digestors, ram pumps (made from say
PVC fittings,) or knows of any such site/ group mailing list?
Thanks,
Sue
Date: Sat, 09 Jan 1999 11:09:21 -0600
From: Gordon Watkins <gwatkins@yournet.com>
To: aquaponics@townsqr.com
Subject: Feed Mixtures (was Re: Cloning!!!)
Reply-To: aquaponics@townsqr.com
Susanne,
"Tilapia Aquaculture in the Americas", edited by
Costa-Pierce and our friend Jim Rakocy, has a chapter on
"Tilapia Nutrition, Feeds and Feeding" which provides a
good overview of protein, amino acid, vitamin and mineral
requirements of tilapia
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/aquanic/was/books/tilapia.htm
Another good source of information is "Nutrition and Feeding
of Fish" (1989) by Tom Lovell which has a chapter on
"Practical Feeding - Tilapias".
On a related note, what kinds of prepared, commercial feeds are
others using? I have difficulty finding anything other than
catfish pellets locally and I'm looking for sources for better
quality feed. I'm interested to know what others use,
particularly brands, protein levels and pellet size.
I've seen some information which rates Silver Cup and Purina as
top brands.
Anyone using Silver Cup or know where it can be ordered?
I just ordered some Canola (rape) seed which I'll be sprouting
for tilapia feed. I'll let everyone know the results. I've also
been feeding earthworms from my vermicomposter to my tilapia
broodstock and breeding activity seems to have picked up.
Gordon
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Subject: Feed Mixtures
From: "Susanne Machler" <greensue@hotmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999
Im really enthralled by the versatility of the duckweed, has
anyone ever tried pelletizing and sole feeding of duckweed?
(Personal experiences.) Any info on sourcing the machines?
Thanks
Sue.
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